Gum recession usually results from a combination of factors. The main causes are hard or incorrect brushing, bacterial gum disease caused by plaque and tartar, genetically thin gum tissue, teeth clenching and grinding, faulty orthodontic treatment and tobacco use. Treatment ranges from cleaning to grafting, depending on how severe the recession is.
- Symptoms: tooth sensitivity, teeth that look longer, redness and bleeding.
- In the early stages, scaling and curettage may be performed.
- In advanced cases, tissue is transplanted with a gum graft.
- Using a soft-bristled brush and floss helps prevent recession.
- A dental check-up at least twice a year is recommended.
Gum recession: It is not a problem with a single cause; it usually results from a combination of several factors:
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Incorrect Brushing: Brushing too hard or using hard-bristled brushes wears down delicate gum tissue and causes it to recede.
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Bacterial Gum Diseases: Plaque and tartar that build up on the tooth surface destroy the tissues supporting the gums and start the recession.
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Genetic Factors: Some individuals may genetically have thinner or weaker gum tissue, no matter how careful they are with oral hygiene.
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Teeth Clenching and Grinding (Bruxism): Excessive force on the teeth leads over time to the recession of the gums and supporting bone.
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Faulty Orthodontic Treatment: Unbalanced loads on the gums as the teeth move within the jawbone can trigger recession.
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Tobacco Use: Smoking impairs blood flow to the gum tissue, slowing healing and increasing the risk of disease.
What Are the Symptoms of Gum Recession?
Because recession usually progresses slowly, it is important to notice the symptoms early:
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Tooth Sensitivity: Sudden, sharp twinges when eating cold, hot or sugary foods.
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Teeth That Look Longer: Teeth appearing longer as the gum line recedes.
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Noticeable Notches: Small dips you can feel with a fingernail or your tongue where the tooth meets the gum line.
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Redness and Bleeding: The healthy pink color giving way to dark red, and bleeding when brushing.
How Is Gum Recession Treated?
In modern dentistry, gum recession is treated with different methods depending on its severity:
1. Scaling and Curettage
In early-stage recession, professional removal of bacteria and tartar deposits beneath the gums (curettage) can allow the tissues to heal again.
2. Sensitivity Treatments
If the main problem is sensitivity, a protective layer is created on the exposed root surfaces with fluoride applications or special filling materials.
3. Gum Grafts (Surgical Methods)
In advanced recession, a piece of tissue (graft) taken from the palate or another area is transplanted to the area of recession. This procedure both restores aesthetics and protects the tooth root.
5 Tips to Prevent Gum Recession
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Use a Soft-Bristled Brush: Brush your teeth with a “sweeping” motion, without applying pressure.
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Don’t Neglect Flossing: Removing plaque between the teeth is the key to preventing recession.
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Address Teeth Clenching: Reduce the load on your teeth by using a night guard.
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Watch Your Diet: Foods rich in vitamin C support gum health.
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Regular Check-Ups: See your dentist at least twice a year for scaling.
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